The Recommended Practices present a step-by-step approach to implementing a safety and health program, built around seven core elements that make up a successful program. The main goal of safety and health programs is to prevent workplace injuries, illnesses, and deaths, as well as the suffering and financial hardship these events can cause for workers, their families, and employers.
The recommended practices use a proactive approach to managing workplace safety and health. For this reason, the organisation should establish and maintain procedures for controlling the safety and health aspects of contractor work. These should include:. Additionally, it is also necessary for organisations to check the ability of contractors where they work close to, or in collaboration with, direct employees or with other contractor's employees.
Such arrangements should cover the:. Effective safety and health management includes effective emergency planning. What should this cover? The organisation should establish and maintain procedures to respond to accidents and emergency situations, and to prevent and minimise the safety and health impacts associated with them. Emergency planning should cover:. The organisation should periodically test, review and revise its emergency preparedness and response procedures where necessary, in particular after the occurrence of accidents or emergency situations.
The emergency plan should dovetail with the Safety Statement as required by Section 20 of the Act. Details of what is required are covered at Control of Major Accident Hazards on this website.
The following are some key questions for employers to assist in determining the adequacy of their safety and health management in the organisation:. It should be a line-management responsibility to monitor safety and health performance against predetermined plans and standards. Two types of monitoring are required:. Every organisation should collect information to investigate the causes of substandard performance or conditions adequately. Documented procedures for carrying out these activities on a regular basis for key operations should be established and maintained.
The monitoring system should include:. Techniques that should be used for active measurement of the safety and health management system include:. A system of internal reporting of all accidents which includes ill health cases and incidents of non-compliance with the safety and health management system should be set up so that the experience gained may be used to improve the management system.
The organisation should encourage an open and positive approach to reporting and follow-up and should also put in place a system of ensuring that reporting requirements are met. The organisation should establish procedures for investigating accidents and incidents to identify their causes, including possible deficiencies in the safety and health management system. Those responsible for investigating accidents, and incidents should be identified and the investigation should include plans for corrective action, which incorporate measures for:.
Monitoring provides the information to let the organisation review activities and decide how to improve performance. Auditing and performance review are the final steps in the safety and health management control cycle. The organisation should establish and maintain a programme and procedures for periodic safety and health management system audits to be carried out.
This enables a critical appraisal of all the elements of the safety and health management system to be made. Auditing is the structured process of collecting independent information on the efficiency, effectiveness and reliability of the total safety and health management system and drawing up plans for corrective action. These audits should be carried out i n addition to routine monitoring, inspection and surveillance of the safety and health management system.
The purpose of these audits is to ensure the continued suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the safety and health management system. The audit process should ensure that the necessary information is collected to allow management to carry out this evaluation adequately.
The organisation should establish and maintain audit records consistent with the safety and health management system records. Their retention times should be established and must comply with legal requirements. Further information on setting up and operating a safety and health management system audit is given in Appendix E of the Authority's Workplace Safety and Health Management.
The protocols and procedures for the audit on the health and safety management system should include the following:. The key questions that an employer should ask when measuring, reviewing and auditing their safety and health performance are:. Under Section 10 of the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act , employers must provide their employees with the instruction and training necessary to ensure their safety and health.
There are specific training obligations for employees involved in the safety consultation and safety representation processes. Safety and health training must form part of the training of all people who work at the workplace. Training helps people acquire the skills, knowledge and attitudes to make them competent in the safety and health aspects of their work.
It includes formal off-the-job training, instruction to individuals and groups, and on-the-job coaching and counselling. However, training is not a substitute for proper risk control, for example to compensate for poorly designed plant or inadequate workstations. The key to effective training is to understand job requirements and individual abilities. In order to train staff to ensure they obtain the necessary skills, knowledge and attitudes to make them competent in the safety and health aspects of their work, it is important to identify appropriate training objectives and methods by first identifying the training needs.
Training needs may be organisational, job-related and individual:. Job-related needs: These fall into two main types - management needs and non-management needs. Individual needs: Individual needs are generally identified through performance appraisal. They may also arise because an individual has not absorbed formal job training or information provided as part of their induction.
Training needs vary over time, and assessments should cover:. Organisations should ensure they have access to sufficient safety and health knowledge, skills or experience to identify and manage safety and health risks effectively, and to set appropriate objectives by:. Whichever method or combination of these methods is chosen by an organisation it does not relieve the employer and the management of the organisation from their legal responsibilities to ensure a safe workplace. Safety and health advisers should have the status and competence to advise management and employees with authority and independence.
They should be capable of advising on:. Accident and ill health data are important, as they are a direct indicator of safety and health performance. However, some cautions relating to their use are:. Healthy, safe and productive lives and enterprises. Please Note Our website uses cookies to enhance your browsing experience and to collect information about how you use this site to improve our service to you. Accept all cookies Manage Cookies. Managing Safety and Health in Schools.
Teacher Support and Classroom Resources. Safety and Health Initiatives in Education. Health and Safety Courses Online. Codes of Practice. Medical and first aid. Health and safety promotion, including psychological health and prevention of harassment and violence. Workplace specific items. Review of the health and safety program. To fulfill their individual responsibilities, the people must: Know what these responsibilities are communication required.
Have sufficient authority to carry them out organizational issue. Have the required ability and competence such as those acquired through education, training or certification. Examples of responsibilities of workers include: Using personal protection and safety equipment as required by the employer. Following safe work procedures. Knowing and complying with all regulations. Reporting any injury or illness immediately to the supervisor or manager.
Reporting unsafe acts and unsafe conditions to the supervisor or manager.. Participating in the health and safety committees or as the representative. Examples of responsibilities of first-line supervisors include: Instructing workers to follow safe work practices. Enforcing health and safety regulations.
Correcting unsafe acts and unsafe conditions. Ensuring that only authorized or adequately trained workers perform tasks or operate equipment. Reporting and investigating all incidents. Inspecting the areas they have control over and taking remedial action to minimize or eliminate hazards. Ensuring equipment is properly maintained.
Promoting safety awareness in workers. Examples of responsibilities of management include: Providing a safe and healthful workplace. Establishing and maintaining a health and safety program. Ensuring workers are educated, trained or certified, as required. Reporting incidents and cases of occupational disease to the appropriate authority. Providing medical and first aid facilities. Ensuring personal protective equipment is available and maintained.
Providing workers with health and safety information. Supporting supervisors in their health and safety activities. Evaluating health and safety performance of supervisors. Ensuring the health and safety program is reviewed at defined intervals. Ensuring any changes necessary as the result of this review are implemented.
Examples of responsibilities of safety coordinators include: Advising all workers on health and safety matters. Coordinating interdepartmental health and safety activities. Collecting and analyzing health and safety statistics. Providing health and safety education and training. Conducting research on special problems. Attending health and safety committee meetings as a resource person.
Resolving reported health and safety issues. Ensuring the timely implementation of corrective and preventive actions with supervisors and management. Common terms of reference include: Stating senior management's commitment to respond to the committee's recommendations. Defining how long a person will serve on the committee if not specified by legislation.
Establishing how a committee member will be chosen. Establishing how often a committee will meet, conduct inspections, etc. More information is available in the health and safety committee documents listed below: Joint Health and Safety Committee - What is a Joint Health and Safety Committee? Following are some guidelines for establishing rules: Rules should be specific to health safety concerns in the workplace.
The health and safety committee should participate in their formulation. Rules should be stated in clearly understandable terms. Rules are best stated in positive terms "workers shall" not "workers shall not".
The reasons for the rule should be explained. Rules must be enforceable since disregard for one rule will lead to disregard for others. Rules should be available to all workers in written form, in the languages of communication of workers.
Rules should be periodically reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness and to make changes for improved effectiveness. Points that should be considered in establishing procedures on this issue are: Ensure that workers are aware of the rule.
Ensure that workers are not encouraged, coerced, or forced to disregard the rule by fellow workers. All rules are to be followed. All violations will be managed. Action is taken promptly. The role of discipline is that of education, not punishment.
While having guidelines for penalties for the first offence or infractions may be desirable, some flexibility is required when applying the guidelines since each case will vary in its circumstances. Action is done confidentially, consistently, and recorded. Job safety analysis involves the following steps: 1. Select the job. Break down the job into a sequence of steps.
Identify the hazards. Define preventive measures. Critical jobs include: Those where frequent incidents and injuries occur. Those where severe incidents and injuries occur. Those with a potential for injuries.
New or modified jobs. Infrequently performed jobs, such as maintenance. Items related to health and safety that should be included are: Emergency procedures, including evacuation and first aid.
Location of first aid stations. Health and safety responsibilities, including those specified by legislation. Reporting of injuries, unsafe conditions and acts. Use of personal protective equipment. Rights to know about the hazards of their work, to participate, and to refuse hazardous work.
Hazards present at the workplace, including those outside own work area. Reasons for each health and safety rule. Any human resources, employment standards, and health and safety-related policies and procedures along with specific procedures e.
Support e. The orientation should address: What are the hazards of the job? When is job safety training available? What safety equipment do I need to do my job? Do I need to wear personal protective equipment PPE? Will I receive training on how to use the PPE? What do I do in case of fire or another emergency?
Where do I find fire extinguishers, first aid kits, first aid rooms and emergency assistance? What are my responsibilities regarding health and safety? Fire Safety in Laboratories. Fire Safety Inspections.
Flammable Liquids. General Fire Safety. Holiday Decorations. Open Burning. Chemical Waste Collection Request Guides. Emergency Response to Hazardous Materials Incidents. Hazardous Materials Security. Hazardous Materials Use and Storage. PCB Management. Used Oil Management. Asbestos-Containing Materials Management. Blood-borne Pathogens. Chemical Exposure Assessment. Hearing Conservation Program. Indoor Air Quality.
Lead-Containing Materials Management. Respiratory Protection Program What is a respirator? Industrial Hygiene FAQ. Smoke Event. Laboratory Safety Commitment and Target Areas. Sharps Handling and Disposal. Laboratory Signage Program. Laboratory Signage Request Form. Laboratory Safety FAQs. Occupational Safety Accident and Incident Reporting. Driver Safety.
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